|
Instrument: | A403
 | Title: | PROMULGATION OF NATIONAL LAWS (NO. 2) 1997 | Gazette Number: | L.N. 386 of 1997 |
| Schedule: | 3 | Heading: | Version Date: | 01/07/1997 |
《中華人民共和國領事特權與豁免條例》
(1990年10月30日第七屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會
第十六次會議通過
1990年10月30日中華人民共和國主席令
第三十五號公布
自公布之日起施行)
(1990年10月30日第七屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會
第十六次會議通過
1990年10月30日中華人民共和國主席令
第三十五號公布
自公布之日起施行)
第一條 為確定外國駐中國領館和領館成員的領事特權與豁免，便於外國駐中國領館在領區內代表其國家有效地執行職務，制定本條例。
第二條 領事官員應當是具有派遣國國籍的人。如果委派具有中國或者第三國國籍的人或者派遣國在中國永久居留的人為領事官員，必須徵得中國主管機關的同意。中國主管機關可以隨時撤銷此項同意。
第三條 領館及其館長有權在領館館舍、館長寓所和館長執行職務所乘用的交通工具上，使用派遣國國旗或者國徽。
第四條 領館館舍不受侵犯。中國國家工作人員進入領館館舍，須經領館館長或者派遣國使館館長或者他們兩人中一人授權的人員同意。遇有火災或者其他災害須迅速採取保護行動時，可以推定領館館長已經同意。中國有關機關應當採取適當措施保護領館館舍免受侵犯或者損害。
第五條 領館館舍和館長寓所免納捐稅，但為其提供特定服務所收的費用不在此限。
領館辦理公務所收規費和手續費免納捐稅。
第六條 領館的檔案和文件不受侵犯。
第七條 領館成員在中國境內有行動和旅行的自由，但中國政府規定禁止或者限制進入的區域除外。
第八條 領館為公務目的可以同派遣國政府以及派遣國使館和其他領館自由通訊。通部可以採用一切適當方法，包括外交信使或者領事信使、外交郵袋或者領事郵袋和明碼、密碼電信在內。
第九條 領館設置和使用無線電收發信機，必須經中國政府同意。領館運進上述設備，按照中國政府的有關規定辦理。
第十條 領事郵袋不得開拆或者扣留。
領事郵袋以裝載來往公文、公務文件及公務用品為限，應予加封並附有可資識別的外部標記。如中國有關機關有重大理由認為領事郵袋裝有上述物品以外的物品時，可要求領事官員或者其授權的人員在中國有關機關人員在場的情況下開拆；如領事官員拒絕此項要求，領事郵袋應予退回至原發送地點。
第十一條 領事信使必須是具有派遣國國籍的人，並且不得是在中國永久居留的。領事信使必須持有派遣國主管機關出具的信使證明書。領事信使人身不受侵犯，不受逮捕或者拘留。
臨時領事信使必須持有派遣國主管機關出具的臨時信使證明書，在其負責攜帶領事郵袋期間享有與領事信使同等的豁免。
商業飛機機長或者商業船舶船長受委托可以轉遞領事郵袋，但機長或者船長必須持有委托國官方證明文件，註明所攜帶的領事郵袋件數。機長或者船長不得視為領事信使。經與中國地方人民政府主管機關商定，領館可以派領館成員與機長或者船長接交領事郵袋。
第十二條 領事官員人身不受侵犯。中國有關機關應當採取適當措施，防止領事官員的人身自由和尊嚴受到侵犯。
領事官員不受逮捕或者拘留，但有嚴重犯罪情形，依照法定程序予以逮捕或者拘留的不在此限。
領事官員不受監禁，但為執行已經發生法律效力的判決的不在此限。
第十三條 領事官員的寓所不受侵犯。
領事官員的文書和信件不受侵犯。
領事官員的財產不受侵犯，但本條例第十四條另有規定的除外。
第十四條 領事官員和領館行政技術人員執行職務的行為享有司法和行政管轄豁免。領事官員執行職務以外的行為的管轄豁免，按照中國與外國簽訂的雙邊條約、協定或者根據對等原則辦理。
領事官員和領館行政技術人員享有的司法管轄豁免不適用於下列各項民事訴訟：
- (一) 涉及未明示以派遣國代表身分所訂的契約的訴訟；
(二) 涉及在中國境內的私有不動產的訴訟，但以派遣國代表身分所擁有的為領館使用的不動產不在此限；
(三) 以私人身分進行的遺產繼承的訴訟；
(四) 因車輛、船舶或者航空器在中國境內造成的事故涉及損害賠償的訴訟。
第十五條 領館成員可以被要求在司法或者行政程序中到場作證，但沒有義務就其執行職務所涉及事項作證。領館成員有權拒絕以鑒定人身分就派遣國的法律提出證詞。
領事官員拒絕作證，不得對其採取強制措施或者給予處罰。
領館行政技術人員和領館服務人員除執行職務所涉及事項外，不得拒絕作證。
第十六條 本條例規定的有關人員所享有的管轄豁免可以由派遣國政府明確表示放棄。
依照本條例規定享有管轄豁免的人員如果主動提起訴訟，對與本訴直接有關的反訴，不得援用管轄豁免。
放棄民事管轄豁免或者行政管轄豁免，不包括對判決的執行也放棄豁免。放棄對判決執行的豁免須由派遣國政府另作明確表示。
第十七條 領事官員和領館行政技術人員免納捐稅，但下列各項除外：
- (一) 通常計入商品價格或者服務價格內的捐稅；
(二) 對在中國境內私有不動產所徵的捐稅，但用作領館館舍的不在此限；
(三) 有關遺產的各種捐稅，但領事官員亡故，其在中國境內的動產的有關遺產的各種捐稅免納；
(四) 對來源於中國境內的私人收入所徵的捐稅；
(五) 為其提供特定服務所收的費用。
第十八條 領館成員免除一切個人和公共勞務以及軍事義務。
領事官員和領館行政技術人員免除中國法律、法規關於外國人登記和居留許可所規定的義務。
第十九條 領館運進的公務用品，領事官員運進的自用物品和領館行政技術人員到任後半年內運進的自用物品包括安家物品，按照中國政府的有關規定免納關稅和其他捐稅，但保管、運輸及類似服務費用除外。
領事官員和領館行政技術人員運進的前款所述自用物品，不得超過直接需要的數量。
領事官員的私人行李免受查驗，但中國有關機關有重大理由認為其中裝有不屬於本條第一款規定的自用物品或者中國法律和政府規定禁止運進、運出或者管制的物品，可以查驗。查驗時，須有領事官員或者其授權的人員到場。
第二十條 領館和領館成員攜帶自用的槍枝、子彈入出境，必須經中國政府批准，並且按照中國政府的有關規定辦理。
第二十一條 與領事官員、領館行政技術人員、領館服務人員共同生活的配偶及未成年子女，分別享有領事官員、領館行政技術人員、領館服務人員根據本條例第七條、第十七條、第十八條、第十九條的規定所享有的特權與豁免，但身為中國公民或者在中國永久居留的外國人除外。
第二十二條 領事官員如果是中國公民或者在中國永久居留的外國人，僅就其執行職務的行為，享有本條例規定的特權與豁免。
領館行政技術人員或者領館服務人員如果是中國公民或者在中國永久居留的外國人，除沒有義務就其執行職務所涉及事項作證外，不享有本條例規定的特權與豁免。
私人服務人員不享有本條例規定的特權與豁免。
第二十三條 下列入員在中國過境或者逗留期間享有所必需的豁免和不受侵犯：
- (一) 途經中國的外國駐第三國的領事官員和與其共同生活的配偶及未成年子女；
(二) 持有中國外交簽證或者持有與中國互免簽證國家外交護照的外國領事官員。
第二十四條 享有領事特權與豁免的人員：
- (一) 應當尊重中國的法律、法規；
(二) 不得干涉中國的內政；
(三) 不得將領館館舍和領館成員的寓所充作與執行領事職務不相符合的用途。
第二十五條 領事官員不得在中國境內為私人利益從事任何職務範圍以外的職業或者商業活動。
第二十六條 如果外國給予中國駐該國領館、領館成員以及途經或者臨時去該國的中國駐第三國領事官員的領事特權與豁免、不同於中國給予該國駐中國領館、領館成員以及途經或者臨時來中國的該國駐第三國領事官員的領事特權與豁免，中國政府根據對等原則，可以給予該國駐中國領館、領館成員以及途經或者臨時來中國的該國駐第三國領事官員以相應的領事特權與豁免。
第二十七條 中國締結或者參加的國際條約對領事特權與豁免另有規定的，按照國際條約的規定辦理，但中國聲明保留的條款除外。
中國與外國簽訂的雙邊條約或者協定對領事特權與豁免另有規定的，按照條約或者協定的規定執行。
第二十八條 本條例中下列用語的含義是：
- (一) “領館”是指總領事館、領事館、副領事館或者領事代理處；
(二) “領區”是指為領館執行領事職務而設定的區域；
(三) “領館館長”是指派遣國委派領導領館的總領事、領事、副領事或 者領事代理人；
(四) “領事官員”是指總領事、副總領事、領事、副領事、領事隨員或者領事代理人；
(五) “領館行政技術人員”是指從事領館行政或者技術工作的人員；
(六) “領館服務人員”是指從事領館服務工作的人員；
(七) “領館成員”是指領事官員、領館行政技術人員和領館服務人員；
(八) “私人服務人員”是指領館成員私人僱用的服務人員；
(九) “領館館舍”是指專供領館使用的建築物或者部分建築物及其附屬的土地。
第二十九條 本條例自公布之日起施行。
(English Translation)
REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
CONCERNING CONSULAR PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES
(Adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh
National People's Congress on October 30, 1990,
promulgated by Order No. 35 of the President of the People's Republic
of China on October 30, 1990 and effective
as of the date of promulgation)
CONCERNING CONSULAR PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES
(Adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh
National People's Congress on October 30, 1990,
promulgated by Order No. 35 of the President of the People's Republic
of China on October 30, 1990 and effective
as of the date of promulgation)
Article 1 The present Regulations are formulated for the purpose of defining the consular privileges and immunities of the foreign consular posts in China and their members and facilitating the efficient performance of the functions of such foreign consular posts in their consular districts as representatives of the sending States.
Article 2 Consular officers shall be of the nationality of the sending State. They may, only with the consent of the competent Chinese authorities, be appointed from among persons of Chinese or third-state nationality or nationals of the sending State who are permanent residents of China. This consent may be withdrawn at any time by the said Chinese authorities.
Article 3 The consular post and its head shall have the right to use the national flag and emblem of the sending State on the premises of the consular post, on the residence of the head of the consular post and on his means of transport when used on official business.
Article 4 The premises of the consular post shall be inviolable. Chinese government functionaries may enter them only with the consent of the head of the consular post or the head of the diplomatic mission of the sending State or another person authorized by either of them. The consent of the head of the consular post may be assumed in case of fire or other disaster requiring prompt protective action. The Chinese authorities concerned shall take appropriate measures to protect the premises of the consular post against any intrusion or damage.
Article 5 The premises of the consular post and the residence of its head shall be exempt from dues and taxes other than such as represent payment for specific services rendered.
The fees and charges levied by the consular post in the course of its official duties shall be exempt from all dues and taxes.
Article 6 The archives and documents of the consular post shall be inviolable.
Article 7 The members of the consular post shall enjoy freedom of movement and travel
within Chinese territory except for areas the entry into which is prohibited or restricted by the
regulations of the Chinese Government.
Article 8 The consular post may for official purposes communicate freely with the Government and the diplomatic mission and other consular posts of the sending State. In so doing, it may employ all appropriate means, including diplomatic couriers or consular couriers, diplomatic bag or consular bag, and messages in code or cipher.
Article 9 The consular post may install and use a wireless transmitter-receiver only with the consent of the Chinese Government. The import of the above-mentioned equipment shall be
subject to the relevant procedure prescribed by the Chinese Government.
Article 10 The consular bag shall not be opened or detained.
The consular bag may contain only official correspondence and documents or articles intended for official use and must be sealed and bear visible external marks of its character. If the Chinese authorities concerned have serious reason to believe that the bag contains something other than the above-mentioned objects, they may request that the bag be opened in the presence of personnel from the Chinese authorities concerned by the consular officer or another person authorized by him. If this request is refused by the consular officer, the bag shall be returned to its place of origin.
Article 11 The consular courier must be of the nationality of the sending State and shall not be a permanent resident of China. The consular courier must be provided with a courier certificate issued by the competent authorities of the sending State. He shall enjoy personal inviolability and shall not be liable to arrest or detention.
Consular couriers ad hoc must be provided with certificates of courier ad hoc issued by the competent authorities of the sending State, and shall enjoy the same immunities as the consular courier while charged with the carrying of the consular bag.
A consular bag may be entrusted to the captain of a commercial aircraft or a commercial ship. He must be provided with an official document issued by the consigner State indicating the number of packages constituting the bag, but he shall not be regarded as a consular courier. By arrangement with the competent authorities of the appropriate Chinese local people's government, the consular post may send its members to receive the consular bag from the captain of the aircraft or of the ship or deliver it to him.
Article 12 The person of a consular officer shall be inviolable. The Chinese authorities
concerned shall take appropriate measures to prevent any attack on his personal freedom and
dignity.
Consular officers shall not be liable to arrest or detention, except that the arrest or detention is executed in the case of a grave crime and by following legal procedures.
Consular officers shall not be committed to prison save in execution of a judicial decision of
final effect.
Article 13 The residence of a consular officer shall be inviolable.
His papers and correspondence shall be inviolable.
His property, except as provided in Article 14 of the present Regulations, shall be inviolable.
Article 14 Consular officers and members of the administrative and technical staff of the consular post shall enjoy immunity from judicial and administrative jurisdiction in respect of acts performed in the exercise of their functions. Immunity from jurisdiction of consular officers in respect of acts other than those performed in the exercise of their functions shall be accorded in accordance with the bilateral treaties and agreements between China and other countries concerned or on the principle of reciprocity.
Immunity from judicial jurisdiction enjoyed by consular officers and members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post shall not apply to any of the following civil actions:
- (1) an action arising out of a contract not concluded expressly as an agent of the sending
State;
(2) an action relating to private immovable property situated in the territory of China, unless they hold it as an agent of the sending State for the purposes of the consular post.
(3) an action relating to succession in which he is involved as a private person; or
(4) an action for damages arising from an accident in China caused by a vehicle, vessel or aircraft.
Article 15 Members of a consular post may be called upon to attend as witnesses in the course of judicial or administrative proceedings, but shall be under no obligation to give testimony concerning matters connected with the exercise of their functions. They are entitled to decline to give testimony as expert witnesses with regard to the law of the sending State.
If consular officers should decline to give testimony, no coercive measure or penalty may be applied to them.
Members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post and members of the service staff shall not decline to give testimony except in cases concerning matters connected with the exercise of their functions.
Article 16 The immunity from jurisdiction enjoyed by the persons concerned specified in the present Regulations may be waived through explicit expression by the Government of the sending State.
The initiation of proceedings by a person enjoying immunity from jurisdiction in accordance with the provisions of the present Regulations shall preclude him from invoking immunity from jurisdiction in respect of any counter-claim directly connected with the claim.
Waiver of immunity from civil or administrative jurisdiction shall not imply waiver of immunity in respect of the execution of the judgment, for which a separate and explicit waiver by the Government of the sending State shall be necessary.
Article 17 Consular officers and members of the administrative or technical staff of the
consular post shall be exempt from all dues and taxes, except:
- (l) dues and taxes of a kind which are normally incorporated in the price of goods or
services;
(2) dues or taxes on private immovable property situated in the territory of China, excepting that used as the consular premises;
(3) estate, succession or inheritance duties, except that movable property left in China by a deceased consular officer shall be exempt therefrom;
(4) dues and taxes on private income having its source in China; or
(5) charges levied for specific services rendered.
Article 18 Members of the consular post shall be exempt from all personal and public
services as well as military obligations.
Consular officers and members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post shall be exempt from all obligations under the laws and regulations of China in regard to the registration of aliens and residence permits.
Article 19 Imported articles for the official use of the consular post, those for the personal use of consular officers, and those for the personal use of members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post, including articles intended for their establishment, imported within six months of the time of installation shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the Chinese Government, be exempt from customs duties and all other related dues and taxes with the exception of charges for storage, cartage and similar services.
Imported articles for the personal use of the consular officers and the members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post referred to in the preceding paragraph shall not exceed the quantities necessary for their direct utilization.
The personal baggage of a consular officer shall be exempt from inspection, unless the competent Chinese authorities have serious reason to believe that it contains articles not within the exemptions provided for in the first paragraph of this Article, or articles the import or export of which is prohibited or controlled by Chinese laws and government regulations. Such inspection
shall be conducted in the presence of the consular officer or of his authorized representative.
Article 20 The consular post and its members may carry firearms and bullets into or out of China for their personal use, subject to the approval of the Chinese Government and to its relevant regulations.
Article 21 The spouse and underage children of consular officers, of members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post, or of members of the service staff of the consular post forming part of their respective households, except those who are nationals of China or aliens permanently residing in China, shall respectively enjoy the privileges and immunities accorded to the consular officers, the members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post or the members of the service staff of the consular post in accordance with the provisions of Articles 7, 17, 18, or 19 of the present Regulations.
Article 22 Consular officers who are nationals of China or aliens permanently residing in China shall enjoy the privileges and immunities provided for in the present Regulations only in respect of acts performed in the course of official duties.
Members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post and members of the service staff of the consular post who are nationals of China or aliens permanently residing in China shall not enjoy the privileges and immunities provided for in the present Regulations except that they shall have no obligation to give evidence concerning matters connected with the exercise of their functions.
Private attendants shall not enjoy the privileges and immunities provided for in the present Regulations.
Article 23 The following persons shall enjoy necessary immunity and inviolability during their transit through or sojourn in China:
- (1) a consular officer stationed in a third State who passes through China together with his spouse and underage children forming part of his household; and
(2) a visiting foreign consular officer who has obtained a diplomatic visa from China or who holds a diplomatic passport of a State with which China has an agreement on the mutual exemption of visas.
Article 24 Persons enjoying consular privileges and immunities under the present Regulations shall:
- (1) respect Chinese laws and regulations;
(2) not interfere in the internal affairs of China; and
(3) not use the premises of the consular post and the residence of members of the consular post for purposes incompatible with the exercise of consular functions.
Article 25 Consular officers shall not practise for personal profit any professional or commercial activity outside his official functions on Chinese territory.
Article 26 In case the consular privileges and immunities accorded by a foreign State to the Chinese consular post and its members in that State and to transitting or visiting Chinese consular officers stationed in a third State are different from those China would give under the present Regulations to the consular post of that State and its members in China and its transitting or visiting consular officers stationed in a third State, the Chinese Government may accord them such consular privileges and immunities as appropriate on a reciprocal basis.
Article 27 Where the international treaties to which China is a contracting or acceding party provide otherwise in respect of consular privileges and immunities, such provisions shall prevail, with the exception of those on which China has declared reservations.
Where the bilateral treaties or agreements between China and other countries provide otherwise in respect of consular privileges and immunities, such provisions shall prevail.
Article 28 For the purposes of the present Regulations, the following expressions shall have the meanings hereunder assigned to them:
- (1) "consular post" means any consulate-general, consulate, vice-consulate or consular
agency;
(2) "consular district" means the area assigned to a consular post for the exercise of consular functions;
(3) "head of consular post" means the consul-general, consul, vice-consul or consular agent charged by the sending State with the duty of leading the consular post;
(4) "consular officer" means the consul-general, vice-consul-general, consul, vice-consul and consular attache or consular agent;
(5) "members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post'' mean the members of the staff of the consular post engaged in the administrative or technical work of the consular post;
(6) "members of the service staff" mean the members of the staff of the consular post engaged in the domestic service of the consular post;
(7) "members of the consular post" mean consular officers, members of the administrative or technical staff of the consular post and members of the service staff of the consular post;
(8) "private attendant" means an attendant in the private employment of a member of the consular post;
(9) "consular premises" mean the buildings or parts of buildings and the land ancillary thereto used exclusively for the purposes of the consular post.
Article 29 The present Regulations shall enter into force as of the date of promulgation.